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Center for International Relations
and Sustainable Development

The History and Future of Education

Jacques Attali is a renowned French economist, social theorist, and writer. He was a Special Adviser to the French President François Mitterrand and the founder and first President of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. He is President of Positive Planet, an international non-profit organization assisting microfinance institutions all over the world, and CEO of Attali Associates, an international consulting firm. This essay is an adapted excerpt from his latest French language book Histoires et avenirs de l’éducation (2022). You may follow him on Twitter @jattali.